The International Criminal Court (ICC) will investigate the violence that has taken place in Burundi over the past year, killing over 400 people.
Announcing the investigation, the ICC's chief prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda said the preliminary examination had found reports of rape, torture, disappearances and killings.
"All these acts appear to fall within the jurisdiction of the ICC," Ms Bensouda was quoted by Reuters as saying.
"At least 3,400 people have been arrested and over 230,000 Burundians forced to seek refuge in neighboring countries."
The violence broke out following the election in July, since which armed groups have tried to seize power.
The violence has raised fears Burundi could slip back into ethnic conflict.
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